Which famous Supreme Court case ruled that segregation was constitutional if "separate but equal" conditions were met?

The Supreme Court case that ruled segregation was constitutional under the doctrine of "separate but equal" is Plessy v. Ferguson. Decided in 1896, this landmark decision established that racial segregation in public facilities was permissible as long as the separate facilities for the different races were equal in quality. This case arose from an incident where Homer Plessy, a man of mixed race, challenged Louisiana's segregation laws by refusing to sit in a segregated railway car. The ruling provided legal justification for segregation and discrimination, influencing laws and practices well into the 20th century, until it was ultimately overturned by Brown v. Board of Education in 1954. Understanding the implications of the Plessy ruling is crucial for comprehending the legal basis for segregation and the civil rights movements that followed.